Voluntary Cleanup Program (VCP) Sites

State programs through which a property owner, buyer, or developer voluntarily investigates and cleans up a site under agency oversight in exchange for a closure document (a certificate of completion, no-further-action letter, or similar), often with liability protections that extend to lenders and future owners.

In a Phase I ESA

ASTM E1527-21 requires a 0.5 mile search. Former enrollments count alongside active ones (Table 2, Note A).

A VCP entry is a paper trail, and usually a good one. Someone found contamination worth enrolling over, and the program file holds the investigation reports, the cleanup standard applied, and the closure terms. For a subject property with a VCP history, the closure document's conditions (use restrictions, controls, reopeners) decide whether the history reads as resolved (candidate HREC), resolved with controls (candidate CREC), or incomplete. Withdrawn or never-completed enrollments are their own flag: the investigation happened and the closure did not.

Where the data lives

State VCP databases and program files. The closure certificate and any recorded restrictions are the controlling documents.